Most often, itching is the body's response to an external stimulus that hits or comes into contact with the surface of the skin (for example, a reaction to a caustic chemical or an insect bite). In other situations, itchy sensations may be evidence of some kind of malfunction in the body or even a serious illness.

Types of pruritus

Modern medicine suggests several classifications of itching. According to the most popular, it is divided into:

• Localized (occurs in separate areas of the skin - itching in the area of ​​​​the genitals, legs, anus, etc.).
• Generalized (it is impossible to determine the localization, it covers the whole body).

In this case, itching can be acute or chronic.

Important! In 90% of cases, acute itching is evidence of disorders in the body or malfunctions of the nervous system.

Like it or not, but in most cases, itching causes a lot of inconvenience and discomfort. Ignoring it for a long time is impossible, and sometimes dangerous.
Generalized itching. In 80-90 percent of cases, it is evidence of certain diseases of organs and their systems. The most common problem is a banal allergy, but other diseases that affect the liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, are also possible.

Important! In diseases of organs and their systems, constant or periodic itching sensations will be the only symptom and manifestation of the disease. Only a doctor can establish an accurate diagnosis, so you should not put off a visit to a specialist indefinitely.

Localized itching. Occurs with violations in the digestive system, elevated blood glucose levels, vascular diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, and helminthic invasions. Quite often, itching in certain areas of the body is caused by skin diseases such as eczema, psoriasis, and dermatitis.

Unusual types of itching:

Determining the causes of itchy skin

Medicine knows for sure that itching on the body can occur with a huge number of various diseases. For this reason, the diagnostic procedure is a rather difficult and lengthy process. If such a problem occurs, you should consult a doctor. Ideally, see a dermatologist. In the overwhelming majority of cases, it is he who is engaged in diagnosing an unpleasant phenomenon and finding out its root causes.

Important! With itching of any etymology, any type of treatment is prescribed after the diagnosis is made and the root causes of the unpleasant phenomenon are established. Additional symptoms will help determine the causes of itchy sensations on the skin. For example, the presence of edema, redness, peeling, etc.

Causes of itching of the whole body and its individual parts

• External stimuli

Human skin contains a large number of nerve endings that perceive the slightest irritation (tactile touch, vibration, etc.). During contact with an irritant (a chemical substance crawling over the body), itching occurs at the point of contact. It is manifested by an unbearable desire to “tear” the skin area on which contact with the irritant occurred.

• Allergy or inflammatory diseases of the epidermis

Under such circumstances, a special substance called histamine is released in the skin. It is he who causes discomfort on the surface of the skin and provokes the appearance of itching.

Additional Information. The action of most modern "antipruritic" drugs is aimed at neutralizing the effect of histamine on nerve fibers and, as a result, getting rid of itching.

• Diseases of the internal organs

Here, first of all, we are talking about diseases of the liver and biliary tract. With the above ailments, an impressive amount of bilirubin and the so-called bile acids are deposited in the skin. It is they who act as irritants and make a person languish from itchy sensations in different parts of the body.

• Diseases of the genitourinary system of men and women

Here, first of all, it is worth remembering about sexually transmitted diseases, which do not bypass both the male and female bodies. In addition, itching in the genital area of ​​the representatives of the beautiful half of humanity occurs when the normal microflora of the vagina is disturbed (growth of opportunistic bacteria is observed), colpitis, hormonal disruptions.

Additional Information. Itchy sensations in the genital area of ​​both sexes can be provoked by the well-known scabies. Itching is especially unpleasant and strongly pronounced in cases where infection occurred during unprotected sexual contact.

• Diabetes

A common ailment is associated with an uncontrolled increase in the amount of glucose in the blood, which negatively affects the protective functions of the body. As a result, we have such a situation as reduced immunity (read also -). Quite often, this leads to the development of candidiasis (the spread of yeast). It is he who is the "culprit" of unpleasant sensations in the genital area

The mechanism of the appearance of itching in diabetes mellitus (video)

Itching of the skin with - what should be feared? A lot of useful information in just a few minutes.

What else causes itching of the extremities and other parts of the body?

• (including as a result of the use of certain groups of cosmetics);
• insect bites;
• clothes made of synthetics or wool;
• diaper rash and irritation from sweat;
• prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light.

Itching of the lower extremities

As a rule, it is caused by fungal diseases or problems in the functioning of the vascular system.

With a fungal infection of the feet, itching occurs between the toes. Additional symptoms: peeling of the skin in the affected area, redness or cracking. Both men and women suffer from foot fungus to the same extent.

Itching in the lower leg area may indicate the presence of varicose veins. Women of the weaker sex are more likely to face a similar problem than men. In the initial stages, the disease is manifested by itching in the extremities. Later, swelling joins the itching, as well as an expanded venous network.

Itching in women in an "interesting position"

During the period of bearing a child, women quite often complain of itching in different parts of the body (in the abdomen or back) or itching throughout the body. In the vast majority of cases, it occurs in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy.

What causes itching during pregnancy:

• Overstretching of the skin on the abdomen due to the rapid growth of the uterus. Provokes discomfort in the back and abdomen. Easily removed with regular moisturizer.
• Cholelithiasis. The main manifestations are yellowing of the skin, sclera of the eyes, as well as widespread itching throughout the body.

Important! If these symptoms appear, you should immediately seek medical help.

• Thrush (fungal infection of the genital organs) is an unpleasant phenomenon that most pregnant women face.

Note! In practice, itching in pregnant women disappears immediately after the birth of the child and does not require additional treatment.

Itchy skin after shower

Water treatments and showers refresh, give a charge of vivacity and strength. But in some cases, they cause such an unpleasant phenomenon as itching of the skin. You can get rid of the problem by identifying the root cause.

Causes of itching of the skin after bathing, not associated with diseases:

• chlorinated water. Water procedures in water with a high content of chlorine lead to overdrying of the skin and its tightening, which causes a lot of discomfort, discomfort and a desire to comb the whole body or its individual parts.
• Means for washing. Gels, shampoos, balms, soaps, which have aggressive ingredients in their composition, sometimes have a negative effect on sensitive skin, causing irritation and itching.
• Wearing synthetic underwear after a shower causes disturbances in heat transfer processes and, as a result, can cause itching.
• Stressful situations, as well as disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system, can cause itching after water procedures.
• Too cold water. Itching after dousing with cold water may be evidence of a so-called cold allergy.

When to see a doctor:

• the desire to comb the whole body or its individual parts does not go away for more than 2 weeks;
• unpleasant sensations "disperse" throughout the body;
• itching causes great discomfort and does not allow you to sleep at night;
• other symptoms appear: swelling or redness on the skin, fatigue, irritability, etc.

Diagnosis of pruritus

If local or general itching appears, you should not postpone a visit to a dermatologist, who will conduct a comprehensive examination, establish the cause of the itching and give recommendations for treatment and prevention.

Approximate diagnostic plan:

• general examination of the patient (including examination of the skin);
• collection of anamnesis (complaints of the patient, other symptoms);
• laboratory diagnostics and non-invasive research methods.

In addition to taking anamnesis and direct examination, most patients are assigned targeted individual examination program which may include:

• general and detailed blood test;
• blood chemistry;
• blood test for sugar and thyroid hormones;
• general analysis of feces;
• analysis of feces for helminths;
• general urine analysis;
• endoscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy, etc.);
• radiography and ultrasound.

Analyzes and other research methods allow you to determine the presence of an inflammatory process, allergic reactions, elevated blood glucose levels, identify disorders in the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, liver and biliary tract, as well as assess the general condition of the body and establish possible causes of skin itching. In some cases, with more serious suspicions from the doctor, the patient may be prescribed a study using tumor markers.

Treatment of pruritus includes: identification and neutralization of the causes of itching, local treatment, general drug treatment.

Important! Before contacting a dermatologist, it is not recommended to use any drugs or take measures to neutralize itching (use antihistamines, lubricate the skin with creams or ointments). Such events at times complicate the diagnosis and delay the process of making the correct diagnosis.

Itching treatment

Local

When itching occurs, special attention should be paid to hygiene. With generalized itching, it is recommended to wipe the skin with vinegar or talc-based solutions. With local itching in the genital area, washing (2 times a day) with warm water and soap will come to the rescue.

Important! In case of itching in the genital area and anus, it is necessary to wash after each act of defecation.

Pharmaceutical ointments will help relieve the discomfort associated with itching.

Note! Local remedies only temporarily relieve itching or reduce its severity, but do not eliminate its root cause. Therefore, they have an "antipruritic" effect only during use.

Medical

Most often, itching of the skin causes an increase in the level of histamine in the skin. In order to reduce its concentration, the attending physician may prescribe drugs belonging to the category of antihistamines.

Tablets. The most common of them are: Tavegil, Erius, Loratadin, Suprastin, Diazolin. The dosage of each drug is selected according to age.

Important! Do not forget that taking antihistamines causes drowsiness.

With a momentary reaction of the body to an irritant (for example, with an insect bite), it is enough to take one dose of the drug. If the problem persists, then the doctor determines the dosage and time of treatment.

Ointments. Allow to reduce swelling, redness and relieve itching. May contain hormones. The use of hormonal ointments should not be uncontrolled and exceed 3-5 days, because. these drugs are addictive and can have a negative effect on some organs. Hormonal ointments are Fluorocort, Lorindent, Advantan, etc.

Among non-hormonal options, the most popular are: Nezulin, Fenistil-gel, Luan, Vitaon balm.

Additional Information. Most ointments begin to act and reduce the severity of itching after 5 minutes. after application to the skin.

home remedies

In case of unbearable itching, the following will come to the rescue:

• Cool compresses with an aqueous solution of soda.
• warm bath with a little salt.
• Pumpkin seeds. Daily use of a glass a day will relieve discomfort.
• Dill. Pour one tablespoon of seeds with a glass of boiling water and let it brew. Take tincture 1/3 cup 3 times a day.
• Sea ​​buckthorn. Long-term use of sea buckthorn (at least a month) will forever forget about such an unpleasant phenomenon as itching.
• Decoction of herbs. A healing drink made from burdock, plantain, nettle, mint and dill seeds will come to the rescue of those who suffer from itching of various localization. How to use: 2 times a day for? glasses for a month.

To reduce the severity of itching, it is recommended to wear clothes and underwear made from natural materials. Synthetics for itching - taboo! When bathing, it is necessary to use cosmetics with a minimum amount of additives and fragrances. The ideal option is baby soap, shampoo, lotion. After a shower, it is recommended to apply moisturizing cosmetics to the skin.

Diet is an effective and efficient assistant in the fight against itching

Quite often, certain foods are the cause of itchy sensations. Eating them in food leads to unpleasant sensations in various parts of the body. To reduce the severity of itching, it is recommended to limit the intake of fatty and spicy foods, as well as allergenic foods (citrus fruits, chocolate, alcoholic beverages). Foods that should be emphasized in the diet are cereals, sour-milk products, lean meats, and vegetables.

An approximate diet for a person struggling with itching should look like this:

• Breakfast: oatmeal or low-fat cottage cheese, boiled egg, tea, cheese sandwich.
• Lunch: apple (pear or any other non-allergenic fruit).
• Dinner: broth soup, fresh vegetable salad, steamed cutlet from lean meats, jelly (compote).
• Dinner: baked potatoes with vegetables, boiled fish, tea with milk.
• Before bedtime- a glass of low-fat kefir.

Of course, this is only an approximate daily diet, which can be modified depending on the wishes and your taste preferences.

Why do people itch (video with Elena Malysheva)

Why do people itch? Itching, what is it like? Effective methods of treatment and prevention. Answers to these and other questions in a short video review.

Treatment is necessary - itching of the skin can lead to thinning of the skin, as well as various damage to the epidermis. A more dangerous situation is the accession of an infection. Therefore, in order to avoid more serious problems, you should respond to the “alarm signals” of your own body in a timely manner and seek qualified medical help.

Next article.

Redness and itching on the skin are symptoms that make you think not only about your appearance, but also about your health.

This is correct, because the surface of our body often reflects what is happening inside.

Going to an appointment with an experienced doctor, you can find out the causes of the process that develops on the skin, and effective methods for their treatment.

What causes the symptoms that bother you

Dry skin is one of the most common causes of itching.

Lack of vitamins, weather conditions, poor ecology are some of the factors that can make our skin dry and irritated.

Senile itching is distinguished, which manifests itself in older people, while it does not carry any pathological causes.

Dealing with localization

Redness or erythema, accompanied by itching, may not affect the entire body, but only certain areas.

Face

Some people confuse redness, burning, and other facial symptoms with skin conditions, especially acne. Acne is not redness and irritation, it consists of the sebaceous gland and the hair follicle.

The main causes of irritation in the form of reddish spots on the face:

• chapping of the skin;
• poor air quality;
• bad water for washing;
• inaccurate use of a razor;
• allergy to care products and other household chemicals;
• use of low-quality or expired decorative cosmetics.

Hands

Experts believe that irritation on the surface of the hands can be caused by serious problems in the human body:

• pathologies of the liver and thyroid gland: in such a situation, not only the hands, but also other parts of the body (stomach, legs and neck) suffer;
• chronic renal failure: itching is the result of a high percentage of urea in the blood serum;
• : irritation mainly occurs on the elbows, wrists, on the folds of the arms.

In the photo, irritation on the skin of the hands with neurodermatitis:

Legs

Redness and irritation on the legs occur not only as a result of pathologies, but also due to mechanical factors. Pathological causes include:

• different types of vasculitis;
• fungal infections of the feet;
• diseases of the bone tissue of the legs;
• disruption of the endocrine system;
• vascular problems: with such pathologies, itchy redness covers the entire surface of the knees and areas below;
• diseases of an infectious nature (chickenpox, scabies, various types of lichen, measles, rubella);
• diseases of the nervous system: they can provoke the development of the inflammatory process of nerve cells;
• diabetes mellitus: regardless of the type of disease, itching can be observed throughout the skin, but the lower limbs are more susceptible in the knee area and slightly lower;
• diseases of the liver and kidneys: itching is one of the first signs of cirrhosis of the liver and hepatitis, since such diseases provoke the penetration of bile into the blood; the skin becomes yellowish, many patients experience unbearable itching.

Fungus

We do not delay the visit to the doctor

The consequences of skin diseases largely depend on the type of pathology and its place of development.

For example, a small pimple always seems to be a banal phenomenon, but if you start to press and scratch it, complications may appear in the form of suppuration and inflammation, which leads to the formation of a scar at the site of the wound. In a more severe situation, the infection can enter the bloodstream.

Serious consequences can be observed after lupus. In the worst case, a person develops inflammation of the heart muscle if the primary disease had a systemic development.

Any painful redness that does not go away on its own needs medical attention, especially if the following symptoms are observed:

• severe dry skin;
• spots after prolonged exposure to the sun;
• a long-term change in the structure of the skin after an insect bite;
• irritation has a bacterial or infectious development;
• along with rashes, pain is observed in the abdomen, in the chest, and pelvis.

We agree to the diagnosis

If redness and irritation itches, it can be difficult to determine the cause. But it is important to do this in order to determine an accurate diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment. Various diagnostic methods are used, the main ones are:

1. Collection of anamnesis. This is the initial stage of diagnosing all skin pathologies. This method includes a general examination of the patient's body, a conversation with him to find out what he feels. The doctor asks about the possible causes of irritation, the presence of chronic pathologies (if any), takes into account hereditary predisposition. It is important for him how the patient eats, works, whether he takes medicines.
2. Visual examination of the patient. The second stage begins only after the patient answers all the questions asked. The doctor conducts an external examination of a person, examining the entire surface of the skin, paying special attention to the affected areas. This diagnostic method helps the doctor to draw the first conclusions about the causes of the disease, and sometimes determine the course of the development of the pathology (acute or chronic).
3. Laboratory diagnostic methods. Especially important if the irritation is not dermatological in nature. For accurate diagnosis, the following methods are used: biochemical and general analysis of blood and urine, stool examination. If necessary, the dermatologist can refer the patient to another more competent specialist in a particular field, for example,.

Treat according to prescription

medicines

It is important to always have at least one effective remedy in your home medicine cabinet in order to use it at any time and eliminate discomfort. But to say how and how to treat itching during exacerbation, only a doctor can. The following are often prescribed:

1. It is considered a fairly affordable drug with a high antiseptic effect. It can not be used during pregnancy and lactation, with fungal or viral skin pathologies.
2. Soventol - this drug helps to quickly eliminate the discomfort caused by irritation, thanks to which the state of health soon returns to normal, the inflammation gradually disappears, and all small wounds and ulcers heal quickly. This drug has a minimum number of contraindications, but before use, the affected area must be treated with alcohol or hydrogen peroxide. Also, do not use during pregnancy and during breastfeeding.
3. it is good to use for the treatment of children, in particular, diaper rash, various peeling and itching of an allergic nature.
4. Nezulin has a good decongestant property, has an anti-inflammatory and rapidly healing effect. A good and mild composition of the drug allows it to be used to treat children and pregnant women.
5. has a complex effect, well soothes and moisturizes the skin, promotes rapid healing.

Folk remedies

Folk recipes can help to win the fight against redness on the skin, but it is better to use them after consultation with the doctor. A few recipes:

1. Plantain. If the skin lesion is mild, you can apply a clean sheet of psyllium for a couple of hours to eliminate irritation and swelling.
2. garlic solution. To prepare, you need to grind two small cloves of garlic until a gruel is formed and mix with two tablespoons of water. Smear the affected area once a day, but apply only to clean and dry skin.
3. . Two tablespoons of soda must be mixed with three tablespoons of cooled boiled water, applied to the site of the rash and bandaged.
4. Ice. As needed, you need to briefly apply cold to the site of inflammation.

Taking care of your health with preventive measures

In order to prevent negative skin changes, you must adhere to the following simple rules:

1. Touch your face as little as possible with your hands, especially with dirty ones, since this is the way most dangerous infections and bacteria penetrate this part of the body. It is not the best habit to often scratch your nose or prop your chin with your hand.
2. To form such a hairstyle so that the hair touches the face as little as possible.
3. In the warm season, apply on exposed skin products that protect well from direct exposure to ultraviolet rays.
4. Review your diet. Eat as little as possible sweet, fried, chips, minimize, and it is better to completely eliminate the use of alcoholic and carbonated drinks. Include more dairy products, fresh fruits and animal proteins in your diet.
5. Do not use expired decorative cosmetics, a large number of tonal products. If it becomes noticeable that the rash occurs mainly after the use of decorative cosmetics, you should stop using them.
6. It is always good to clean the surface of the skin with special products.

Everyone wants to have soft, clear skin. In many ways, her condition depends on us!

The sensitivity of the skin is caused by a violation of the protective layer, which consists of keratinized cells and lipids that stick them together. It protects against microbes, water loss, penetration of substances from the outside, mechanical damage and free radicals. Sometimes sensitivity is a permanent property of the skin, the causes of which lie at the gene level, and it cannot be cured. But more often it is caused by external and internal factors that can be influenced. The reasons for this can be different: from improper care to stress. For a joint project with Weleda, beauty journalist Adel Miftakhova looked at the mechanisms behind each of the reasons.

Adele Miftahova

Beauty journalist

We've looked at the most important factors that affect skin health. Then we prepared a test that will help you understand the condition of the skin, as well as understand what to do to help it recover faster and protect itself from irritation.

healthy skin

A healthy barrier consisting of flat scales of corneocytes and lipids sticking them together. The skin is protected from water loss and bacteria penetration.

damaged skin

Damaged barrier: the integrity of the lipid layer is broken. The skin quickly loses water and is easily penetrated bacteria and allergens.

Is your skin sensitive regardless of external factors?

Stress

From chronic fatigue and lack of sleep, the body produces cortisol, which is often called the stress hormone. When cortisol levels are elevated for a long time, immunity decreases, cardiovascular diseases and digestive problems appear. It also does not affect the condition of the skin in the best way: it is updated more slowly and produces less fat. Ways to deal with stress are quite simple, but require a systematic approach. Research shows that meditation, yoga, and massage (even just 15 minutes a day) lower cortisol levels. And if massage and yoga require the participation of a specialist, at least at first, then everything is easier with meditation. Now there are many applications and tutorials that will help the neophyte figure it out.

Do you worry a lot?

free radicals

Free radicals are unstable molecules that damage skin cells. As a result, it recovers worse and protects from damage. Antioxidants fight free radicals - they neutralize them before they reach the skin. One of the most effective antioxidants is vitamin E, which is found in many vegetable oils, such as sunflower or almond. Others are vitamin C and green tea extract; Together they work better than individually. But vitamin C, for example, is an active ingredient, so it should be used with caution on sensitive and irritated skin.

Do you use protective creams?

Bad ecology of the big city

Dust, gases, aerosols, air conditioners, tobacco smoke and other pollution, on the one hand, produce free radicals, on the other hand, make the skin vulnerable to inflammation, which makes it red and dehydrated. It is unlikely that you will be able to avoid them - you will have to sit at home surrounded by filters and humidifiers all the time. But gentle cleansing of the skin twice a day and creams with soothing and protective properties will help to smooth out their effect. Neutral formulas with natural ingredients are unstable in themselves and quickly lose their properties, so cosmetics with them should be chosen in closed opaque packages with minimal air access. In jars with large lids, they quickly lose their properties and become useless.

Do you live in a big city?

Nutrition

2/5 Delicate nourishing facial oil

Almond oil and plum seed oil contain skin related ingredients - triglycerides, oleic, linoleic and myristic acids, which are responsible for protective and antimicrobial properties. According to the Paula's Choice website, these oils are non-irritating and can be used on sensitive skin. It can be used in place of cream on cleansed skin or added to cream to make it more nourishing. The oil is also suitable for removing persistent make-up and facial massage. It also perfectly softens dry elbows, knees and cuticles.

3/5 Delicate Moisturizing Face Cream

The moisturizing cream has a light texture and is designed for normal to oily skin. It absorbs quickly, does not increase oily sheen, does not clog pores and acts as an excellent base for make-up. Almond oil contains vitamin E, and plum seed oil contains B vitamins. They protect the skin from free radical damage and make it soft and smooth. This cream is perfect for those who restore the skin after acne treatment with withering agents. It will make up for the lack of water and fats, preventing peeling and dehydration.

4/5 Delicate nourishing face cream

This cream has a rich texture that is more suitable for those with dry skin or as a night care for any skin type. Dry skin itself suffers from a lack of sebum, which makes it more vulnerable to external influences. The components of the nourishing cream make up for this deficiency and help the skin protect itself from negative environmental factors. The presence of alcohol in the composition can cause concern for owners of dry skin, but in small quantities it is not aggressive. It helps cosmetic ingredients to better penetrate the skin and acts as a preservative that protects cosmetics from microbiological contamination.

5/5 Delicate shower cream

1/5 Delicate nourishing facial oil

Almond oil and plum seed oil contain skin related ingredients - triglycerides, oleic, linoleic and myristic acids - which are responsible for protective and antimicrobial properties. According to the Paula's Choice website, these oils are non-irritating and can be used on sensitive skin. It can be used in place of cream on cleansed skin or added to cream to make it more nourishing. The oil is also suitable for removing persistent make-up and facial massage. It also perfectly softens dry elbows, knees and cuticles.

2/5 Delicate Moisturizing Face Cream

The moisturizing cream has a light texture and is designed for normal to oily skin. It absorbs quickly, does not increase oily sheen, does not clog pores and acts as an excellent base for make-up. Almond oil contains vitamin B, and plum seed oil contains B vitamins. They protect the skin from free radical damage and make it soft and smooth. This cream is perfect for those who restore the skin after acne treatment with withering agents. It will make up for the lack of water and fats, preventing peeling and dehydration.

3/5 Delicate shower cream

The mildness of a cleanser is determined by two factors: its level of acidity (pH) and what cleaning agents it contains. This shower cream uses mild surfactants and has a slightly acidic pH. Glycerin, organic almond oil and shea butter make it even softer and more gentle on the skin. It has a delicate texture, and despite the fact that it lathers slightly, it perfectly cleanses the skin without overdrying it and without causing a feeling of tightness and itching after a shower.

4/5 Delicate body milk

Glycerin (natural) is a component that attracts and retains water in the skin like a sponge. And almond oil, beeswax and squalane create an analogue of a protective layer on the skin, which protects the skin from drying out and water loss. This milk is quite liquid and is easily distributed over the skin, but at the same time it nourishes very well. It is rich and even slightly oily, but it is quickly absorbed, leaving a pleasant protective layer on the skin that does not allow water to evaporate. A separate plus is the packaging, which fits comfortably in the hand and a smooth dispenser that dispenses exactly as much product as needed.

Prickly heat is an irritation of the skin that develops due to increased sweating and at the same time reduced evaporation of sweat. Most often, this condition can be observed in young children due to the peculiarities of the structure of the skin, but adults are not immune from prickly heat. It should be understood that prickly heat, although it looks like an infectious disease, is absolutely not contagious to others.

What happens during sweating?

Sweat released in an increased amount clogs the sweat glands and irritates the skin, its insufficient evaporation will lead to a response, that is, prickly heat.

Causes of sweating in adults

Pathological causes

• Increased sweating- the chronic course of miliaria is most often observed in people with hyperhidrosis (see).
• Metabolic disorders- The release and evaporation of sweat is part of the metabolic reactions, the violation of which leads to prickly heat.
• Chronic pathologies of the endocrine system- hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus
• Chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system and the nervous system.
• High temperature and fever- increased sweating, as a protective reaction of the body at high temperatures, irritates the epidermis and leads to a rash on the skin.
• Obesity - obese people often sweat a lot, sweat irritates the skin and leads to prickly heat.
• Bedridden patients are diseases in which the patient is forced to lie down or is paralyzed (strokes, injuries).

natural causes

• Hot and dry climate- very often occurs in vacationers during the acclimatization period.
• high humidity and room temperature.
• Intense physical labor, sport.
• Tight and tight clothing, synthetic clothes - prickly heat on the arms, on the body, on the back, on the stomach.
• Walking in sweaty clothes for a long time- workers at construction sites, in hot shops.
• Tight and poorly ventilated shoes- sweating on the legs.
• The use of dense foundation creams and fatty nourishing creams in the summer (prickly heat on the face).
• Poor hygiene.
• Excessive exposure to the sun.

What does sweating look like in adults?

It is generally accepted to divide prickly heat into three types, however, some experts distinguish apocrine prickly heat as a separate type.

Crystal prickly heat - the safest type of prickly heat

It manifests itself in the form of pale red small multiple vesicles up to 1 mm in diameter, located close to each other. The blisters are painless and do not cause any other symptomatology, except for the external manifestation. tend to merge. They occur on the forehead, face, neck, torso, flexion surfaces of the arms and legs. In the vast majority, it occurs suddenly and resolves on its own.

Red prickly heat or inflammatory type of prickly heat

papular miliaria

This is a type of prickly heat with a severe course. In fact, it is a continuation of red prickly heat. There are papular-vesicular vesicles 1-2 mm in diameter with an acute inflammatory process in the surface layer of the skin (microbial eczema). Itching is possible due to dry skin. Papular miliaria - symptoms of general intoxication: subfebrile condition, soreness of the affected skin, swelling and hyperemia. Occurs on the lateral surfaces of the chest, abdomen, arms or legs. Requires long-term treatment for several months.

Apocrine prickly heat

It occurs due to a violation of the activity of the apocrine glands located in the armpits, anus, areola of the nipple, on the labia majora in women. A small pink-red rash and infiltrates develop, which are localized in the area of ​​​​apocrine sweat glands and can burst right inside the skin. Often complicated by an infectious process in the deep layers of the skin.

Typical locations for prickly heat

• Places of the body in contact with clothing: under the armpits, elbows, back, ankles, shins, chest in women.
• Places with or near hair: face (forehead, temples), neck, head.
• Areas of natural skin folds: groin, armpits, skin under the mammary glands, behind the ears.

How to understand that prickly heat is progressing or complicated by an infection?

• Uncomplicated - if you do not feel any subjective symptoms of prickly heat, except for the external - rash, then prickly heat is uncomplicated.
• Joining the infection- the appearance of swelling, soreness, itching, clouding or yellowing of the contents of the vesicles, the presence of general symptoms of intoxication - this is a sign that prickly heat is progressing or a bacterial infection of the skin has joined.

How to treat prickly heat in adults

Uncomplicated miliaria(crystalline) is treated very simply:

• the factor that led to the rash is eliminated
• hygiene is carefully observed
• antiseptics are used for local treatment of the skin.

Complicated prickly heat(other types) requires appointment:

• antihistamines
• anti-inflammatory, drying
• antibacterial drugs.
• oral antibiotics are warranted for prolonged miliaria complicated by skin infection.

Treatment of prickly heat in adults

Elimination of provoking factors

• change in room temperature and humidity. The premises should be constantly ventilated, in the absence of people - through;
• wearing clothes made from natural materials, avoiding overheating of the body;
• rational observance of the rules of personal hygiene, especially when caring for bedridden patients.

Elimination of excessive sweating

Depending on the severity of hyperhidrosis, the following measures are indicated:

• surgical cutting of nerve fibers, innervating the sweat glands is indicated in severe cases of prickly heat. In some cases, the sweat glands are completely removed. The effect is lifelong, however, a compensatory increase in sweating in other parts of the body is possible;
• laser destruction of sweat glands– the procedure gives a stable and long-lasting effect, it is used for the axillary region;
• Botox injections under the skin(Botox, Xeomin, Dysport, Lantox) - botulinum toxin reduces sweating by blocking the nerves that innervate the gland. The duration of the effect after the procedure is about 8 months.

Physiotherapy

Reflexology and acupuncture are effective. These methods provide an impact on the points of accumulation of nerve endings associated with the center of regulation of sweating in the brain.

Phytotherapy

Plants that normalize sweating and have an antiseptic effect -,. Any plant can be used to make a skin lotion or an infusion to add to a bath. 1 tbsp is taken per liter of boiling water. herbs and infused for half an hour, after which it is filtered. You can lubricate problem areas of the skin with this lotion or add to a warm bath.

Tanning infusions are also used - bay leaf, oak. Prepared according to the same principle for lubricating the affected skin.

Antiseptics

They prevent the attachment of a secondary infection, dry the rashes:

• weak pink solution of potassium permanganate
• alcohol solution of salicylic acid
• boric acid
• fucorcin
• chlorophyllipt

Powders

They are indicated in the presence of rashes in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bnatural skin folds: Baneocin, Potato, Corn starch, Talc, Baby powder.

Antibiotics for oral administration

Antibiotics act on the etiological causative agent of the associated skin infection: Doxycycline, Amoxilicin, Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin.

Antihistamines

Oral antihistamines - eliminate swelling and inflammation, reduce itching: Tavegil, Suprastin, Fenkarol, (see).

Cream and ointment for prickly heat

With zinc Calamine, Sudocrem, prickly heat cream Desitin, pharmacy talker, zinc ointment, Tsindol - dries out the elements on the skin, reduces inflammation.
With dexpanthenol Bepanthen, D-panthenol, Pantoderm - a universal healing component
With antibiotic Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Ichthyol ointment - destroy bacteria when a secondary infection is attached.
Antihistamines Fenistil - relieves itching and swelling.

Hormonal - are used when other means are ineffective, only as prescribed by a doctor, they have a complex effect, have a lot of side effects, should be used in a short course with gradual cancellation: Dermaveit, Afloderm (see).

Folk remedies for prickly heat

People who suffer from prickly heat for a long time know how to get rid of unpleasant symptoms with some simple tricks:

• Fortification of the diet plum, lentils, pomegranate juice and sorrel. These herbal products regulate perspiration and reduce the irritating effect of sweat on the skin.
• Using laundry soap when washing leather. Laundry soap does not contain perfume fragrances, it dries bubbles well and cleanses the skin of drying elements.
• Using a soda solution. Twice a day, it is recommended to lubricate the bubbles with a solution of soda (1 tsp per glass of boiled water), which has an antiseptic and drying effect.
• Disposable wipes- improvised cure for prickly heat. Wet elements are gently blotted with delicate paper napkins, with serous contents released - for this, the napkin is gently applied to the rashes, pressed lightly and also carefully removed. You can use wet wipes with menthol.

In each case of prickly heat, treatment should begin with hygiene - sometimes this is enough to forget about ugly rashes in a couple of days.

Causes of heat rash

Causes of a heat rash can be as follows: prolonged exposure to the sun, blockage of the sweat glands, or a humid, hot climate during the acclimatization period.

Wet clothes can provoke skin rashes, so it makes sense not to use deodorants, since their action is aimed at blocking the sweat glands. When exposed to direct sunlight, the sweat glands constrict, causing them to become clogged, which is the cause of prickly heat. To eliminate skin rashes, in hot weather, prepare a bath and add a low concentration of potassium permanganate to it.

During the day, the skin should be constantly wiped with a wet towel, since its dryness is favorable for the occurrence of rashes. The towel should be moistened in a solution prepared from infusion of calendula, string or chamomile. To prepare it, it is enough to pour 20 grams of each plant with boiling water in a volume of 250 milliliters.

Heat rash in a child

A heat rash in a child is a common occurrence, especially in the warm season. Most often, it is associated with a difficult exit of sweat from the sweat glands and may be accompanied by redness of the skin affected by the heat. Often, a rash provokes the appearance of scaly, spots and inflammation.

When exposed to heat, the skin of a child may form zones of rashes, consisting of small white bubbles. By themselves, such rashes are not dangerous for the one on whose skin they appear, but they will cause some inconvenience. Their appearance is often accompanied by infections that provoke the process of inflammation. In this case, an increase in temperature is observed when bubbles appear on the skin.

If a child develops a heat rash on a regular basis, a medical examination is necessary, since this trend may indicate chronic skin diseases. It often happens that a rash characteristic of another kind of disease is taken for skin rashes in children from heat, so a pediatrician's consultation is necessary to exclude the likelihood of lichen, chickenpox, and atopic dermatitis.

A heat rash in an adult can manifest itself in conjunction with other diseases that have their own symptoms that are unique to them. It should be noted that by the appearance of the rash, it is impossible to immediately determine the cause of what disease it appeared, therefore, a complete medical examination is necessary with the direction of blood for tests.

A rash on the body of an adult that occurs from heat can be localized in a variety of places, from the face to the toes and hands. However, as a rule, its location is strictly limited, that is, it can appear at the same time only in one place. Appearance also varies - it can be both bright red spots of a large size, and light pink, smaller in area. A rash may also appear in the form of vesicles, plaques, nodules. It may be accompanied by itching and itching, or it may not carry any unpleasant sensations at all.

Often people underestimate the seriousness of the problem that has arisen, leaving the rash unattended, comforting themselves with the hope that it will pass by itself without their participation. The rash may disappear, but the cause of its appearance, which lies in the properties of the skin, will remain and the possibility of its reappearance will remain. Therefore, if there is a tendency to recurrence of rashes, it is necessary to seek the help of a doctor to investigate the problem and practically eliminate it.

What to do with a heat rash

If the rash from the heat itches and causes discomfort, you should use soda lotions to relieve skin discomfort. To prepare a solution from such lotions, it is necessary to stir one teaspoon of soda in a glass of water, then moisten a gauze or cotton swab in it, wring it out and apply it to the affected area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin. After the fabric dries, it is necessary to repeat the procedure, since the use of soda helps to relieve inflammation.

In order to prevent skin rashes, it is recommended to wear clothes made from natural materials. It should not fit tightly, for this you can replace jeans with tight pants. You should take a shower, dressing only when the skin is dry. It is better to reduce physical activity in the heat. When sweating, it is advisable to change clothes to dry ones.

Rash on body due to heat

In summer, a small white blistering rash may appear on the skin, which means blockage of blood vessels, which manifests itself as a result of profuse sweating. This is how prickly heat manifests itself, a disease that does not carry any serious health hazard, but is capable of delivering some discomfort to its carrier. Sometimes prickly heat manifests itself in conjunction with an infectious disease that can cause a temporary increase in body temperature, the appearance of blisters with a cloudy liquid and redness. The frequent manifestation of prickly heat may indicate a chronic disease. In such a situation, it is natural to consult a doctor. In cases involving children, it should be noted that parents often confuse other diseases with miliaria that have the same or similar nature of rashes.

Sweating can manifest itself in different ways. This is the division of prickly heat by doctors into three varieties. The least dangerous is a crystalline rash on the body from the heat, most often developing in infants. Slightly more anxiety can cause red prickly heat. A rash of this kind consists of small blisters surrounded by redness. It differs from crystalline in that it is essentially inflammation. Another form of prickly heat is a papular rash. Its appearance may be directly related to the change of place of residence and the body's inability to quickly acclimatize.

Rash on hands from heat

The onset of heat can cause a rash on the arms, as well as the back, shoulders and other parts of the body. May become somewhat worse than usual with increased sweating. Outwardly, such a rash resembles hives, acne with a white head may appear on the hands, as a result of exposure to intense heat.

Most often, the appearance of a rash on the hands during the heat is not a symptom of any disease, since the causes of such a rash are in the human body.

It may seem strange, but, as a rule, the rash that occurs on the hands is red. This may mean an allergic reaction of the human body to exposure to elevated temperature. If such a rash appears on your hands, you should not spend time on creams and ointments, instead it is best to seek help from a dermatologist as soon as possible.

Rash on forehead from heat

In the event that a rash appears on the forehead from the heat, it is often necessary to consult a doctor and treat with antibiotics. However, the use of anti-scaling products that contain salicylic acid can prevent the development of this phenomenon, since it will hinder the development of microorganisms that contribute to the appearance of a rash on the forehead from the heat. It requires daily protection of the body from the harmful effects of sunlight, mainly with the help of products that block the effects of the sun. Low-fat cosmetic preparations are effective, provided that the use of strong drinks and spicy foods is stopped. It is useful to consult with your doctor in order to understand what is best for the body at the moment.